By Prof Agyeman Badu Akosa

(In Accra – Ghana)

Stress is a natural component of everyday living and as is said the body requires a bit of it to keep it in shape and focus. It is a bit like an organization undergoing fire drills to keep the system in good nick. The body practices preparing itself for fight, flight and freeze as the acceptable reactions in times of stress, the first two being the most common in times of danger.

The body’s biochemical systems control the reactions. Two hormones produced by the adrenal medulla and cortex are paramount in the preparations. Adrenaline is secreted by the adrenal medulla and it causes the ‘get go’ sympathetic nervous system to respond by increasing pulse rate and blood pressure, decrease blood sugar level by pushing the sugar into the tissues and shunting of blood from the digestive tract to the muscles, all in preparation for heightened body activity.

Effects of the adrenaline increases metabolism and generates increased energy, for effective action. These actions are all quick and purposeful. Once the threat is dealt with the body reorganizes itself through the secretion of cortisol from the adrenal cortex, which brings the body to normal. It sets another chain reaction to decrease pulse rate and blood pressure and increases blood sugar level, the opposite of what prepares the body for action.

The time it takes to return the body to normal varies from person to person. People with a greater ability to control their emotions do a better job. The stew of stress hormones secreted when a person is upset, takes hours to become reabsorbed in the body and fade away. Within the time to full withdrawal of the hormones the slightest upset mounts an even exaggerated response. It is the reason why in a fight or quarrel anything said however innocuous creates its own chain reaction. It is the touching of a raw nerve.

In the scenarios where there is no need to fight or flight, the absence of physical danger, the energy generated must find expression. Most of the stress of today’s existence fall into this category. It is in our everyday life, work related, relationships, sibling rivalry or quarrels, examinations or interviews and on the roads, pervasive in character. These are described as environmental stress. The other is internal stress. People usually bring it on themselves; worrying about things we know we have no control over.

Others invariably and knowingly put themselves in stressful situations. The short-term stress leads to a faster pulse or heartbeat and rapid breathing, Increased sweating and creating a sick feeling in the stomach described as ‘butterflies’. It also leads to headaches, tense feeling, difficulty in concentration and a sense of frustration.

It is however, the slow decline in hormones and the regularity of arousals that appear to constantly mount a heightened agitation that leads to long term symptoms of headaches, poor sleep, poor appetite, nervous disposition, fatigue, confused and unable to take decisions. It may affect personal appearance, mood swings and lead to dependence on food, alcohol, tobacco and drugs and also affect sex life.

There must be a masterful way to overcome stress and all its associated consequences on the body. Many ways have been proposed including relaxation, long walks and regular exercises, listening to good music, reading a good book, watching a good film, comedy, meditation, reducing work load and creating time with friends as a support network. Others ways also include understanding the body and how it deals with emotions and influencing it to make it beneficial such as a positive attitude and optimistic outlook.

Emotional Intelligence

The ability to understand, appreciate and control one’s emotions and also recognize and value the emotions of others is what has been described as Emotional Intelligence and has spawned a whole industry of books, videos and workshops. It is about knowing oneself very well, critically assessing self and boosting the individual’s self confidence in conjunction with being socially aware, able to accurately assess people’s emotions and understanding what is going on within them and creating opportunities to know and develop others and the culture of mutual harmony.

Anyone who is described as emotionally intelligent knows how to live in his environment and creates a harmonious relationship with many if not all people. Such persons are not easily distracted and stressed out and maintain a level of control of themselves and faculties. It is the reason why they do better in life because they not only present a calm exterior but have an assurance within themselves as well. This is a type of intelligence that many must learn to keep them cool and calm and not easily affected by the many goings on. It is particularly important in those who create internal stress and worry about things outside their control. A suggestion to inculcate the principles into high school teaching must be adopted.

Emotional Surgery

The role of the many listed strategies are all to bring the body’s temperature and pressure to as near baseline or rested levels as possible. Emotional surgery is a new concept introduced by a Ghanaian artist Robert Grimmond-Thompson with a deep knowledge and understanding of psychology and neuroscience. The concept recognizes surgery as a huge emotional activity for everybody and uses colours and abstract objects to speak through the eyes to the brain to reassure the mind. It is reminiscent of hypnosis but self-induced and brings all components of the body, organs and all, to a base equilibrium.

It is best prior to being given anaesthesia after the anaesthetist has done his/her pre-assessment. Either as a slide show or video, the patient is introduced to an array of colours and objects in a soothing mix that slowly and gradually bring the body’s activities to its resting level. The patient is rid of all anxiety and a minimum anaesthetic dose may be enough to allow surgery to take place successfully.

It is even better if the patient is introduced to emotional surgery when surgery is being contemplated. It allows the decision to have the surgery to be made, devoid of anxiety and in an emotionally pleasing atmosphere that will boost the confidence of the surgeon and the rest of the team. Again because of the state of equilibrium in which patient was prior to surgery, recovery from anaesthesia is quick and hopefully, also from the surgery.

Emotional surgery can be introduced as a television programme for winding down after a hard day’s work or as a montage for viewing either at home or in a gallery. The pervasiveness of general anxiety in today’s society must make a programme such as this an everyday endeavour and a must watch that will bring quietness, calmness and serenity to the soul. All patients with stress related diseases in particular the non-communicable diseases such as hypertension, diabetes and a myriad of nervous disorders must incorporate emotional surgery into their management. The businessmen and women and high-end executives need emotional surgery to reduce their anxiety levels. It could be incorporated into strategic planning and team building regimen to create a harmonious work environment.

As a Ghanaian, I feel proud about emotional surgery and the originator being Ghanaian makes it even more worthwhile. I have always believed that where a disease abounds the treatment or mitigation lurks in the backyard. Ghana unfortunately has an explosion of non-communicable diseases and there is no concerted effort to find the reasons for the epidemic. A 2% prevalence for hypertension in the 1950s has now become almost 50% in some studies and 0.2% for diabetes in the 1960s is now almost 10%. Anywhere else the alarm bells would have sounded a longtime ago and research work started on why the explosion. In a country where no money is spent on research, nothing happens other than diagnosis and treatment. It is business as usual.

At least Grimmond-Thompson’s artistry may give many Ghanaians some respite by bringing our body and soul into equilibrium.

Pictures – Courtesy of Robert Grimmond-Thompson

The article was first published in Daily Graphic on 18/04/18

By John Owoo

(In Accra – Ghana)

Dr. Ziblim Iddi, Deputy Minister of Tourism, Arts and Culture last Saturday led a group of academics, writers, poets, civil / public servants, poets and students for a reading in local languages during the maiden edition of the Ghana Reading Festival.

Completely dedicated to local languages, readings from novels, poems, reviews and texts in various local languages including Ga, Twi, Dagbani, Nzema, Ewe, Krobo, Fanti and others mesmerized guests as the poetic and diction power of our languages were laid bare.

Undeniably, the aspirational and commercial value that English commands is appreciated, but it appears that our impeccable English is at the cost of our inability to read, write and speak our own local languages.

In a brief speech, Dr. Iddi said habits, values, nuances and others are shaped by our mother tongues both in tangible and intangible ways adding that our languages are currently endangered while averring that we need a sustained effort to make it vibrant.

He called for the translation of books on science and other disciplines into local languages while appealing to parents to allow their kids to speak and read books in local languages since our local languages are indispensable instruments of intellectual, physical and moral aspects of education.

The Chairman of the National Media Commission Nana Gyan-Appenteng said the lack of support and investment resulted in the disappearance of publications in local languages from bookshelves and newspaper stands while stressing that connotations of inferiority associated with local languages exacerbated the problem.

Acting Director of the Bureau of Ghana Languages, Philip Essien stated that his outfit is bent on using the festival to inculcate the habit of reading in the local languages among the youth since most of the adults have lost the interest and ability to read in the local languages.

Awards were presented to personalities who have contributed in diverse ways to the development and sustenance of local languages. They include Prof. Kofi Agyekum, Dr. Osei Kwame Despite, Ataa Oko Dagadu, I.S. Blay, Daniel Adi, Seth Akafia, Urfang Bobar Mgnensoo and Tia Sulemana.

The Bureau of Ghana Languages organized the festival under the auspices of the Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture.

By John Owoo

(In Accra – Ghana)

Guitarist Yogendra Ahimi, violinist Calvin Gyasi, flutist Richmond Ansong and rapper Pampana last Friday delighted over 500 students who participated in the 2018 edition of the National German Cultural Festival, which was held at the Goethe-Institut in Accra.

Fuelled by a fresh fusion of traditional and contemporary sounds, the quartet provided a new rhetoric thereby infusing fresh rhythms into their music as Ahimi filled the air with songs that are related to personal life experiences.

With a rather relaxed yet formidable stage presence, the group treated the young audience to a warm repertoire that was accompanied by a lively, brilliant and engaging performance, which was interspersed with refreshing solos.

The students were emotionally excited about the exploits of young acrobats who exhibited amazing skills with street dancing while performing stunts with flames that glowed on the edge of firewood.

German language study clubs known as “Partners for the Future” (PASCH), from various educational institutions throughout the country participated in the festival by showcasing diverse performances including drama, music, poetry, reading and drawing – with a few schools picking up prizes.

These include Accra Academy, German Swiss School, Complex School, Cradle of Grace Montessori School, Collège St. Pierre Claver, Wesley Girls and Opoku Ware who showcased their skills of the German language through presentations that received applause from their colleagues and elderly members of the audience.

The PASCH initiative was launched by Germany’s Federal Foreign Office and it’s implemented in cooperation with the Central Agency for Schools Abroad, Goethe-Institut, German Academic Exchange Service and the Educational Exchange Service of the Standing Conference of the Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs in Germany.

It operates with four main guiding principles – prospects through education, broadened horizons through multilingualism, access to language / education and joint tackling of future problems as members of an international community of learners.

By John Owoo

(In Accra – Ghana)

Gallery 1957 – a contemporary art space located within the plush confines of the Kempinski Hotel in Accra – is currently hosting multi-media works by the Togolese Nigerian artist Modupeola Fadugba.

Titled “Dreams from the Deep End”, the works, which are the result of a recent residency at the International Studio and Curatorial Programme in New York (USA), characterize paintings, drawings and socially charged installations that address various issues.

These include ideas of identity, social justice and a game theory that enable her navigate contested cultural hierarchies – while exploring community and teamwork in water – through the lens of tense racial history of communal swimming pools.

Largely influenced by “Contested Waters: A Social History of Swimming Pools”, a book by American author Jeff Wiltse, which explores the history of public pools and their privatization in relation to race politics and community life, Fadugba equally has an intense attraction for swimming pools.

Curated by writer Katherine Finerty, paintings on display boldly present an emphatic story while offering a clarification of the feelings and emotions felt by the swimmers – whether afloat or submerged beneath the calm waters of swimming pools.

Her familiar use of burnt paper, which she expertly drapes with gold leaves, pastel hues and monochromes is currently applied to new motifs that fully embrace lifeguards, melting ice cream cones, swimmers of varying ages, gender and perseverance.

Despite her previous work figuratively portraying swimmers, her latest paintings have moved from the ideas of abstractness to characterizing figures that shed personality and convey a story of collaboration and competition.

Born in Lomé (Togo), Fadugba has a background in economics, engineering and education and holds a BEng in Chemical Engineering / MA in Economics from the University of Delaware and MEd from Harvard University – all in the USA. She lives and works in the Nigerian capital Abuja.

Also an independent curator and art historian, Finerty focuses on research-based and socially engaged practices, trans local identity politics and contemporary African art. She works collaboratively to develop alternative cultural discourses while creating multi-disciplinary art experiences that encourage immersive participation and progressive exchanges between diverse publics.

Finerty has a Masters in Curating Contemporary Art from the Royal College of Art, London (UK), a BA in History of Art and Africana Studies from Cornell University, New York (USA) and has studied History of Art at Pembroke College, University of Cambridge (UK).

The exhibition ends on Wednesday October 31.

By John Owoo

(In Accra – Ghana)

Three national artistic groups last Tuesday opened the 2018 edition of the Ghana Theatre Festival with a magnetic dance drama that evoked nostalgic feelings among elderly members of the audience.

Performing at the National Theatre in Accra, the National Symphony Orchestra and the National Dance / Drama companies sent the crowd on a memorable journey of variated traditional dance pieces, folk tunes and griot like storytelling alongside concert party slants.

Addressing hot button topics such as economy, environment, health, education and other problems facing the country – the groups severally and jointly recalled the intimacy, intricacy, acrimony and spirituality that characterized the country in the past – as subtle movements, loud traditional drums and cool rhythms flowed freely from the stage.

“It was refreshing to see contemporary problems being dramatically fused with those of the past in a traditional setting. “Lantaaba” was powerfully delivered as the directors did not attempt to obscure its meaning” said Nii Ayikwei Aryee, a playwright based in Düsseldorf, Germany.

“Sounds from the symphony orchestra virtually took me back to the 1950s and 60s as it resulted in the recollection of treasured moments. I hope they will record these folk tunes and make them available to the public at an affordable price”, added Kofi Ntiamoah, a young violinist in Accra.

With a distinctive set fashioned out of a stylized baobab tree that linked the past and present, this interdisciplinary performance directed by Nii Tete Yartey / Mawuli Semevor, translated diverse dance forms into a choreography of purpose and energy that swayed an enthusiastic audience.

With lullabies, folk and highlife tunes from the 1960s flowing slowly and crisply from the symphony orchestra conducted by Isaac Annor, the dancers moved in a geometric fashion while sluggishly increasing the complexity of their movements with change in pitch and tones.

Divergence grew into a protracted climax, as one female artist in battle gear goes berserk and attempts to usurp the authority of the rulers while several attempts to thwart her efforts and the other subjects end in failure thereby resulting in a supernatural intervention.

Other events slated for the festival, which forms part of the 25^th anniversary celebrations of the National Theatre of Ghana, include film shows, concerts, theatre performances / poetry slams and many more.

By John Owoo

(In Accra – Ghana)

Noted for his diverse work with identity and familiarity of the Caribbean, Martinican photographer Robert Charlotte continues his research with another body of work following a month long residency in Ghana as part of the Nuku Photo Festival.

Indeed, his work in Accra, which forms part of the framework of a project dubbed “Transatlantic Artistic Dialogues: Caribbean West Africa” is currently on display in the gardens of the Alliance Française in Accra.

Supported by Alliance Française Accra, Institut Français Ghana, Fondation Clément and the Embassy of France in Ghana, the project is meant to stimulate the creation of new works by crossing ideas, languages, aesthetics and African – Caribbean territories through cross-residencies, while encouraging transnational artistic and cultural exchanges.

Titled “Correspondence”, the portraits, which comprise male and female Ghanaians in diverse inexpressive postures, were shot in one of the post offices in Accra with its ubiquitous red boxes and printed white numbers as common backgrounds.

With a meticulous look at behaviours, attitudes and expressions, Charlotte makes each pose become a frontal encounter where faces take on a strange charisma – indeed one of mystery while blurring the faces of other subjects.

He photographs parts of the human body including legs and feet that appear overworked, tired and quite unkempt thereby commenting on the plight of the working class, whose situation continue to regress owing to mismanagement and challenges facing the economy.

The post boxes recollect the once postal giant that served Ghanaians locally and internationally during the days when Internet and smart phones were still on the drawing board. It has become a pale showdown of itself mostly delivering parcels in recent years.

Born in 1966 in Martinique where he grew up and currently resides, Charlotte studies at the Paris School of Photography from 1986 to 1989 and later stayed on to work in a studio of industrial photography where he delved into reporting, illustration and team control among others.

The exhibition ends on Sunday October 14.

By John Owoo

(In Accra – Ghana)

The maiden edition of “Let’s Talk Poetry”, a monthly forum that seeks to bring together poets, writers, critics and lovers of literature took off last week at the library of the Goethe-Institut in Accra.

Facilitated by poet / arts development consultant Crystal Tettey, a panel comprising poet Apiorkor Seyram Ashong Abbey and writer / poet Nana Nyarko Boateng dilated on issues relating to “Spoken Word” and “Written Word”.

The panelists lamented on the ever-dwindling reading habit among Ghanaian youth tracing the problems to the change in curriculum, which virtually removed reading as a subject in primary schools with the lack of libraries and inception of smart mobile phones among others compounding the problem.

Undeniably, Spoken and Written Word compliment each other although the written text tends to eliminate an important context such as body language, tone of voice and even background noise – elements that aid in physical engagement.

Certainly, Ashong Abbey and Boateng, who have severally and jointly made huge efforts through workshops and regular reading programmes to promote the culture of reading among pupils and students in various parts of the country, are upbeat about gains being made to get the youth to read.

Indeed, with spoken word, one can add emotions in the speech and influence the audience – a feat that is possible but obviously not easy with the written word. However, it appears both genres have been able to compliment each other through the activities of Ashong Abbey and Boateng in the struggle to improve the reading habits of young Ghanaians.

Singer / songwriter Eli A. Free and keyboardist Kojo Free delighted the enthusiastic audience, who equally shared their experience with both spoken and written word with heart warming acoustic music that appeared to flow directly from a continuous stream.

The programme, which was interspersed with readings by Ashong Abbey who presented a poem titled “The Honey Pot”, while Nyarko read extracts from “The Jonah Fast” – one of three books she recently authored – was sponsored by Goethe-Institut Ghana.

By John Owoo

Museum of Science & Technology

Accra – Ghana

Internationally acclaimed Ghanaian artist Ibrahim Mahama, last week explained the complexities, contradictions, politics, social links and other issues that confront the assemblage of his vast sacs that have draped diverse buildings in Ghana and beyond.

Making a presentation at a panel discussion in Accra moderated by artist / academic Dr. Bernard Akoi-Jackson, which forms part of events marking an exhibition dubbed “African Modernism – Architecture of Independence”, he gave a point by point narrative of how these sacs are processed before ending up on giant structures.

Titled “Exchange. Exchanger. Before, After and Hence. Ibrahim Mahama Confronts Max Gerlach, Drew, Fry and Owusu Addo”, the programme attracted diverse people from all walks of life in Accra and beyond, who have been captivated by the installations by Mahama.

Indeed, Mahama’s unconstrained installations and wrappings engage public spaces, while altering ordinary sites into awe-inspiring photographic experiences. They are sporadically embellished by the insertion of mass-produced Chinese/African print patches, which complements an additional layer of interpretation of the global movement of goods.

Sac-draped buildings and monuments by the artist, invite viewers and passers by to experience sublime and highly inspirational artworks, parts of which have been documented in a book titled “Exchange – Exchanger”, which was published by Verlag der Buchhandlung Walther König (Germany) in collaboration with White Cube Gallery and blaxTARLINES KUMASI.

Imported by the Ghana Cocoa Company from India and Bangladesh and re-purposed by charcoal, fertilizer and other merchants, he purchases “millions” of these new sacs and exchanges them for old ones before commencing his economic, political and socially charged works.

Mahama, who is currently a PhD student at the Department of Painting and Sculpture, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, said the preparation process requires effective interaction alongside traversing complicated and multiple publics while forging distinct relationships along the production line.

Touching on the issue of sensitivity during production, he revealed the use of traditional and gender partitioning of labour adding that there are two types of workers – paid ones and collaborators, some of whom have been on several projects while others were simply transient.

His co-panelist, curator Kwasi Ohene Ayeh, who also a PhD student at the Department of Painting and Sculpture (KNUST), dilated on issues confronting Mahama and his practice including visa denials for his collaborators during biennales in Europe – a move, which hampers the globalization of free movement and undeniably his gigantic installations.

He stated that Mahama’s work involves a rather deep interaction with diverse cultures and climates – including shoe-shine boys, refugees, students, porters and many others, who assist in works that uncovers the shipments / ownerships of sacs while rendering visible the mechanisms of trade which define the world’s economy.

Ohene Ayeh equally referred to the commodification of the sacs by Mahama, which obviously initiates communication while mentioning the issue of symbolism, which differs from building to building covered by the colossal Mahama sacs, while uncovering the remarkable transitions of ownership.

Mahama’s work has been displayed in international exhibitions including Documenta 14 in Athens (Greece) and Kassel (Germany) as well as several venues in Accra, Kumasi and elsewhere, where it simply woos the viewing public with its socio-political enquiries.

The exhibition, which ends on Monday August 27, is being presented by Goethe-Institut Ghana in collaboration with the Ghana Museums and Monuments Board and blaxTARLINES KUMASI, a contemporary art space at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi.

It was first shown at the Vitra Design Museum in Weil em Rhein (Germany) and is currently touring a number of countries in Africa. It will also be displayed at the blaxTARLINES KUMASI space in September 2018.

Pictures – Goethe-Institut Ghana / Vome

By John Owoo

(In Accra – Ghana)

A huge exhibition, comprising eighty symbolic photographs by Alexis Webster (South Africa) and Iwan Baan (The Netherlands) that vividly illustrate post-colonial structures in five African countries is currently underway at the Museum of Science and Technology in Accra.

Titled “African Modernism – Architecture of Independence”, it follows a scholarly work by the award wining German architect / academic Manuel Herz alongside Ingrid Schröder, Hans Focketyn and Julia Jamrozik that categorized architecture in Ghana, Senegal, Ivory Coast, Kenya and Zambia.

Constructed in the 1960s and 70s with designs largely by European architects, the buildings evoke diverse issues relating to politics, culture, liberation, shades, climate, societal norms and identity as well as the challenges and paradoxes faced by the then new states.

Largely designed by French and English architects, the images equally offer a trail of the different approaches to growth and economic development undertaken by various independence leaders, who were bent of proving their capacity / ability to govern and effectively manage the affairs of their various countries.

Undeniably, the exhibition fundamentally succeeds in getting the viewer to understand the architecture and the mind set that commissioned these structures, which are replete with inconsistency, complexity and yet full of creativity and sophistication.

Although, there were not many local architects at the time of construction, one Ghanaian architect John Owusu Addo was involved in the designs of some of these modernist structures. It is sad to note that the legacy of these buildings have been questioned owing to the apparent lack of interest in the continuation and development of this style of architecture.

“African Modernism – Architecture of Independence” equally raises the question of architectural training in Africa and the aspirations of both young and established architects for the future, which is full of high expectations owing to the apparent growth of several economies on the continent.

These questions will be tackled by a series of panel discussions and presentations being curated by the Ghanaian artist / academic Dr. Bernard Akoi-Jackson. Topics slated for presentation and discussion include “Between the High Sea and a very Hard Rock: Modernization. Modernism”,

Others are “Revisiting the threat and manifestation of neo colonialism in Africa”, Better off in the bush: On slavery, colonialism and truncation of development in Africa” and “Exchange. Exchanger: Before, After and Hence, Ibrahim Mahama confronts Max Gerlach, Drew, Fry and Owusu Addo”.

Panelists include Prof Owusu Afram (Lecturer, KNUST) Bärbel Müller (Lecturer, University of Applied Arts, Austria), Nontombeko Ntombela (Wits University, South Africa), Prof. G.W. Ntsiful (Lecturer, KNUST), Nat Nuno Amarteifio, Joe Osae Addo, Augustus Richardson (Architects – Ghana) and Ibrahim Mahama / Kwasi Ohene Ayeh (Artists / PhD students, KNUST).

The exhibition, which ends on Monday August 27, is being presented by Goethe-Institut Ghana in collaboration with the Ghana Museums and Monuments Board and blaxTARLINES KUMASI, a contemporary art space the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology.

It was first shown at the Vitra Design Museum in Weil em Rhein (Germany) and is currently touring a number of countries in Africa. It will also be displayed at the blaxTARLINES space in September 2018.

Pictures – Goethe-Institut Ghana / Vome 

By John Owoo

(In Accra – Ghana)

 A dramatic fusion of harmonic complexity and spiraling melody alongside a magnificent voice last week delighted jazz fans at the Goethe-Institut in Accra.

In a rather powerful concert featuring Luxemburg based Beninois guitarist, Lionel Loueke and the French / German singer Céline Rudolph, patrons were treated to epic compositions that resemble open panoramas inundated by climaxes of sound.

With tunes form their recent album titled “Obsession” – the jazz duo went into their own world and dished out masterpieces that are full of tremendous emotional power, depth and sensitivity that appeared to move in a continuous stream.

“It was a breathtaking performance – they managed to capture the attention of the audience from beginning to the end. This is definitely one of the best jazz concerts I have seen in this country for a very long time”, said David Owusu, a jazz enthusiast in Accra.

Undeniably, the tunes managed to send the multi racial audience, which included several members of the Jazz Society of Ghana into a solemn musical journey – indeed, an expedition where high quality jazz flowed through an endless watercourse.

Employing astounding rhythms and sounds from Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), Cotonou (Benin), Berlin (Germany) and Memphis (USA), the crowd was enchanted with lyrics on a wide range of subjects as a variety of vocal techniques and extended guitar skills from Rudolph and Loueke respectively filled the cool night air.

“I enjoyed every bit of the concert. Indeed, I was swayed by the voice of Rudolph, which circled the air like a whirlwind. I learnt a lot form her and hope to perform like her in the near future”, added Naa Kwaley, a singer in Accra.

In a related event, a workshop with local musicians comprising Bernard Ayisa (trumpet), Victor Dey (keyboard), Nii Quaye Aryee (guitar) and Quayba (vocals) among others, dilated on chord progressions, pentatonic scales, guitar techniques and improvisations, which resulted in spontaneous compositions.

Goethe-Institut supported the performance in Accra, which formed part of a wider tour of several West African counties including Benin, Cote d’Ivoire and Nigeria.